Human Milk Oligosaccharides HMO Market Future: USD 2,500 Million Size by 2035 | CAGR 9.3%

Human Milk Oligosaccharides HMOs are complex carbohydrates found in human breast milk that are pivotal for infant gut health and immune function. Over recent years, interest in HMOs among consumers, manufacturers, healthcare professionals, and regulatory bodies has grown sharply, not only for infant nutrition but also for functional foods, adult supplements, and dietary wellness products. According to a recent WiseGuy report, the global HMO market is poised for significant expansion through 2035.

Global Market Growth and Drivers

The Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMO) Market was valued at 935.9 million in 2024 and is projected to increase from 1,023 million in 2025 to reach 2,500 million by 2035. The market is anticipated to expand at a robust growth rate of approximately 9.3% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035.

Key growth drivers include:

• Infant formula demand: Parents and caregivers are increasingly seeking formula enriched with HMOs, given growing evidence of benefits to gut microbiome, digestion, and immune support.
• Rising consumer health awareness: Beyond infant nutrition, interest in holistic wellness, functional foods, and nutritional supplements is pushing HMOs into broader applications.
• Technological advances: Improvements in extraction, synthesis including synthetic FMO / fermentation-based production methods, and scale of production are reducing cost barriers and enabling better supply.
• Regulatory & research support: Scientific studies continue to show the safety and health benefits of HMOs; some regulatory regimes are streamlining approvals.
• Emerging markets’ growth: In regions where disposable incomes are rising, and where awareness of nutritional science is increasing, demand for enriched infant nutrition and functional wellness products is accelerating.

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Segmentation: Applications, Sources, Forms & Channels

Applications

Infant formula is the dominant application segment. WiseGuy projects that this segment holds the largest share of the market and will continue to lead in value. Functional foods and nutritional supplements are growing fast as secondary but promising applications.

Sources

HMOs are sourced in three main ways: directly from human milk, from bovine milk, or via synthetic production such as fermentation or enzymatic methods. Human milk–derived HMOs remain preferred for perceived health authenticity, but bovine and synthetic sources are becoming more relevant due to scalability and cost.

Forms

Products come in powder, liquid, and capsule forms. Powder form remains the most widely used due to convenience, shelf stability, and ease of formulation especially in infant formula. Liquids have certain advantages in use-case specificity e.g. ease of mixing and capsules are increasingly used in supplements.

Distribution Channels

Traditional retail offline, pharmacies, and online channels all play important roles. Online is growing rapidly as consumers become comfortable purchasing wellness and nutrition products digitally, while offline and pharmacy channels retain trust, especially for health products.

Regional Trends

• North America leads both in awareness and market value. The concentration of R&D, strong regulatory support, established infant nutrition markets, and consumer willingness to pay for premium products make it the largest regional market.
• Europe follows, with growing demand for natural and high-quality nutrition, interest in HMOs, and stringent regulatory frameworks that both assure quality and can be obstacles.
• Asia-Pacific is likely to see the fastest growth. Factors include rising incomes, increasing consumer awareness of nutritional science, investment in infant healthcare, and growing penetration of premium infant formula and functional wellness products.
• South America and Middle East & Africa MEA are growing slower but at steady rates, as awareness and distribution infrastructure improve.

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Trends & Innovations

• Novel production technologies: Synthetic / fermentation / enzymatic production of HMOs are being refined for higher yield, lower cost, and higher purity. These drive better supply and open up opportunities beyond infant formula.
• Product innovation: HMOs are being incorporated in new formats, in combination with other functional ingredients, or targeted formulations for specific age groups or health conditions.
• Sustainability and ethical sourcing: As with many wellness/nutrition markets, consumers increasingly care about how ingredients are sourced. Producers are likely to emphasize sustainable, traceable production of HMOs.
• Regulatory harmonization and safety: Demand for clear safety data, standardization, and regulatory frameworks is pushing companies to invest in research and to comply with regulatory norms. This helps broaden global adoption.

Challenges & Future Outlook

While growth prospects are strong, several challenges remain:

• Cost of production & scalability: Especially for human-milk-derived HMOs, sourcing and purification are expensive. Synthetic production helps but needs further scale and cost reductions.
• Regulatory hurdles in different markets: What is accepted in one country may be subject to stricter safety / ingredient approvals in another. This can slow down product launches.
• Consumer education: Many parents and consumers are still not fully aware of what HMOs are or why they matter. Education and trust-building are essential.

Looking ahead, by 2035 the market is expected to more than double in size from its current standing. Companies that invest now in R&D, scalable production methods, and ethical / regulatory compliance are likely to capture the biggest shares. Collaborations between biotech firms, nutrition companies, regulators, and healthcare providers will play a key role in shaping innovation and market direction.

The HMO market stands at the intersection of science, nutrition, and consumer demand. Fueled by growing awareness of infant gut health and immunity, significant technological advances in production, and expanding applications beyond baby formula, HMOs are fast becoming a mainstream functional ingredient. While cost, regulation and awareness hurdles must be overcome, the path ahead promises strong growth, novel product formats, and deeper global penetration by 2035.

Table of Contents

SECTION I: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND KEY HIGHLIGHTS

SECTION II: SCOPING, METHODOLOGY AND MARKET STRUCTURE

SECTION III: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

SECTION IV: QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

SECTION V: COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS ........

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