Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) market to hit $20.88B by 2033, driven by aging population, anti-VEGF therapies, and emerging gene treatments.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Market Analysis

The global Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) market is on a trajectory of strong expansion, fueled by the escalating prevalence of AMD, advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, and a rapidly aging global population. The market for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.94% from 2025 to 2033, from US$11.42 billion in 2024 to US$20.88 billion by 2033.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Overview and Classification

Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among older adults in developed countries. It is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. As AMD progresses, it leads to the loss of central vision, severely impacting one's ability to read, drive, recognize faces, and perceive colors, ultimately diminishing quality of life.

The significant increase in per capita healthcare spending, along with the growing public demand for high-quality and affordable healthcare services, is driving the expansion of healthcare products. As a result, hospital pharmacies are expected to account for more than 55% of the market share by 2030.

The rise in investments in the healthcare industry from governments across various nations is one of the primary factors fueling this market growth. The WHO reports that significant increases in government healthcare spending at all income levels caused global healthcare spending to hit a record high of $9 trillion, or around 11% of the world's GDP.

Key Information Covered in the Report

• Base Year – 2024

• Historical Period – 2021–2024

• Market Forecast – 2025–2033

• Market – US$ Billion

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Types and Impact of AMD

Vision loss among the elderly has become a major concern as it worsens over time. The two primary types of macular degeneration are wet and dry, both of which can lead to severe vision impairment and require medical intervention.

The WHO projects that the number of individuals aged 60 and older will rise to 1.4 billion by 2050, doubling from the current 1 billion to 2.1 billion. Key players are developing vitreous implants and longer-acting anti-VEGF treatments that allow for sustained medication delivery.

Pathophysiology and Genetic Insights

Although the exact mechanisms behind AMD are not fully understood, recent advancements in genetic research have identified several genetic polymorphisms associated with an increased susceptibility to the disease. These discoveries have opened new avenues for understanding AMD and developing targeted therapies.

Clinical Stages of AMD

AMD is regarded as a disease continuum and is clinically classified into three stages based on retinal changes:

• Early AMD: Characterized by small drusen (yellow deposits under the retina) and mild pigmentary changes.

• Intermediate AMD: Involves larger drusen and more pronounced pigment abnormalities.

• Late AMD: Includes significant retinal damage, either through geographic atrophy (dry form) or choroidal neovascularization (wet form), which can lead to severe vision loss.

Types of AMD

• Dry AMD (Atrophic or Non-Neovascular): The more common form, characterized by gradual thinning of the macula and accumulation of drusen. Although it progresses slowly, it can lead to significant vision impairment over time.

• Wet AMD (Exudative or Neovascular): Less common but more severe, this type is characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina. These vessels can leak fluid or blood, causing rapid and severe loss of central vision.

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Growth Drivers of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Aging Population

Since AMD usually affects people over 60, age is the major risk factor. According to UN projections, 962 million individuals were aged 60 or older globally in 2017. By 2050, this number is predicted to more than double.

Smoking

Tobacco use is another major contributor to the prevalence of AMD. The WHO estimates around 1.1 billion tobacco users globally, with the potential to double by 2050. Smoking has been strongly linked to the development and progression of AMD, particularly the more severe wet form.

Myopia and High Myopia

AMD risk is also increased by the growing prevalence of myopia and high myopia. The WHO projects that by 2050, 52% of the global population will be affected by myopia, and 10% by high myopia. This trend is especially pronounced in East Asian countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore.

Recent Developments in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Clinical Trials

• In February 2025, Astellas Pharma announced that the FDA approved expanded prescribing information for IZERVAY™ (avacincaptad pegol intravitreal solution) for treating geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to AMD.

• In January 2025, Astellas also announced that the U.S. FDA accepted the Class 1 resubmission of the supplemental New Drug Application for IZERVAY to treat GA associated with AMD.

Conclusion

The global Age-Related Macular Degeneration market is at a pivotal juncture, with strong growth prospects driven by demographic trends, technological innovation, and increasing healthcare investment.

As the market continues to evolve, industry leaders are committed to advancing research, expanding access to care, and improving outcomes for patients worldwide. The future holds promise for transformative therapies that could redefine the standard of care for AMD and provide hope for millions of individuals at risk of vision loss.

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