Manufacturing Industry Today
Aluminum Sheet Manufacturing Plant DPR – 2026: CapEx, OpEx, and ROI Evaluation
Aluminum sheet manufacturing is a vital industrial sector driven by increasing demand from automotive lightweighting initiatives, expanding construction and building materials markets, growing packaging industry requirements, and the aerospace sector's need for high-performance materials. With strong demand from transportation, construction, packaging, electrical, and consumer goods industries, aluminum sheet production offers attractive opportunities for entrepreneurs and investors seeking stable and capital-intensive manufacturing ventures in the metals sector.
Understanding the aluminum sheet manufacturing plant setup cost is essential for entrepreneurs and investors looking to capitalize on this established and strategically important industrial sector. This comprehensive guide covers every investment aspect from raw material procurement to finished aluminum sheet production, helping you make informed decisions about entering the aluminum rolling and sheet manufacturing business.
What is Aluminum Sheet Manufacturing and Market Opportunity
Aluminum sheet manufacturing involves the hot and cold rolling of aluminum ingots or slabs into thin, flat products with thickness typically ranging from 0.15mm to 6mm. The process transforms cast aluminum through multiple rolling passes, heat treatments, and finishing operations to achieve desired mechanical properties, surface quality, and dimensional accuracy. Modern aluminum sheet production encompasses various alloy systems including 1000 series (pure aluminum), 3000 series (aluminum-manganese), 5000 series (aluminum-magnesium), 6000 series (aluminum-magnesium-silicon), and specialized alloys for aerospace and automotive applications. The technology combines metallurgical science with precision mechanical processing, delivering materials essential for transportation efficiency, sustainable construction, and recyclable packaging solutions.
Primary Applications and Industries
- Automotive body panels, hoods, doors, and structural components
- Aerospace fuselage skins, wing panels, and structural elements
- Building and construction cladding, roofing, and curtain walls
- Beverage can stock for aluminum cans and bottle caps
- Food packaging including foil containers and flexible packaging
- Consumer electronics housings and heat sinks
- Electrical bus bars, transformer windings, and conductor applications
- Shipbuilding and marine structural applications
- Railway rolling stock and transit vehicle components
- Lithography plates for printing industry
- Heat exchangers and air conditioning systems
- Cookware and household appliance components
- Signage, nameplates, and decorative applications
- Solar panel frames and mounting systems
- Battery enclosures for electric vehicles
With accelerating automotive electrification driving aluminum adoption for weight reduction, expanding sustainable construction emphasizing recyclable materials, growing beverage consumption increasing can production, aerospace sector recovery post-pandemic driving demand, and aluminum's advantages including corrosion resistance, formability, strength-to-weight ratio, and infinite recyclability, aluminum sheet demand continues robust growth across both developed and emerging markets worldwide.
Complete Breakdown of Aluminum Sheet Manufacturing Plant Setup Costs
1. Land Acquisition and Infrastructure Development
Strategic location balancing raw material access and customer proximity is critical for operations:
- Land purchase or long-term lease in heavy industrial or metallurgical zones
- Site preparation, leveling, and foundation work for heavy rolling equipment
- Reinforced concrete foundations supporting multi-ton rolling mills
- Boundary development with security fencing and controlled access
- Internal roads capable of supporting heavy transport vehicles (50+ ton loads)
- Rail siding connections for aluminum ingot and coil shipment
- Raw material storage yards for aluminum ingots and scrap
- Finished goods warehouse protecting aluminum from environmental exposure
- Heavy-duty crane infrastructure for material handling
- Utility corridors for electrical, water, and compressed air distribution
- Employee facilities, parking, and administrative buildings
- Environmental compliance infrastructure including wastewater treatment
- Security systems with surveillance and fire protection
Location Strategy: Proximity to aluminum smelters or scrap recycling facilities reducing raw material transportation costs, access to reliable high-voltage electrical power (energy-intensive rolling operations), connectivity to automotive, aerospace, or construction industry clusters, availability of skilled metalworking workforce, and compliance with environmental regulations for metal processing ensures optimal operational efficiency while minimizing logistics and energy costs.
2. Raw Material Storage and Handling Infrastructure
Specialized storage and handling systems for aluminum materials:
- Covered storage yards for aluminum ingots preventing oxidation
- Aluminum scrap sorting and storage areas with segregation by alloy
- Slab storage facilities with climate protection
- Coil storage racks with protective wrapping systems
- Alloying element storage (magnesium, silicon, manganese, copper)
- Rolling oil and lubricant storage with containment
- Chemical storage for surface treatment and cleaning agents
- Packaging materials warehouse (moisture barrier films, desiccants)
- Quality inspection areas with sampling stations
- Heavy-duty forklifts and overhead cranes for ingot handling
- Magnetic separators preventing steel contamination
3. Processing Equipment and Machinery
Core production technology represents the dominant capital investment component:
Melting and Casting Operations
- Reverberatory or induction melting furnaces (50-100 ton capacity)
- Alloying addition systems for composition control
- Degassing units removing hydrogen from molten aluminum
- Filtration systems removing inclusions and oxides
- Continuous casting machines producing rolling slabs
- Direct chill (DC) casting equipment for ingot production
- Scalping equipment removing surface defects from cast material
- Homogenization furnaces for heat treatment of cast slabs
- Slab preheating furnaces preparing material for hot rolling
Hot Rolling Mills
- Reversing hot rolling mill with work rolls (1200-2500mm width)
- Breakdown mill reducing slab thickness (initial passes)
- Finishing hot mill achieving target gauge
- Hydraulic roll gap control systems ensuring thickness accuracy
- Roll cooling and lubrication systems
- Coiling equipment for hot rolled coils
- Edge trimming systems removing irregular edges
- Surface inspection systems detecting defects
Cold Rolling Mills
- Multi-stand tandem cold rolling mills (4-6 stands typical)
- Precision work rolls with diameter 400-600mm
- Roll grinding and maintenance facilities
- Rolling emulsion filtration and recirculation systems
- Tension control systems preventing sheet buckling
- Thickness measurement gauges (X-ray or isotope-based)
- Edge control systems maintaining width accuracy
- High-speed coiling and uncoiling equipment
Heat Treatment Facilities
- Continuous annealing furnaces for softening cold-rolled material
- Batch annealing furnaces for specific heat treatment cycles
- Solution heat treatment furnaces for age-hardenable alloys
- Aging ovens for precipitation hardening (T4, T6 tempers)
- Rapid cooling systems (water quenching, air cooling)
- Temperature profiling and control systems
- Protective atmosphere systems preventing oxidation
Surface Treatment and Finishing
- Degreasing and cleaning lines removing rolling oils
- Chemical etching for surface preparation
- Alkaline cleaning systems
- Conversion coating (chromate or chrome-free) equipment
- Tension leveling equipment flattening coils
- Stretcher leveling for stress relief
- Slitting lines cutting coils to specified widths
- Cut-to-length shearing lines producing sheets
- Edge conditioning equipment removing burrs
Quality Control and Testing
- Ultrasonic testing for internal defect detection
- Eddy current testing for surface crack detection
- Thickness measurement systems (non-contact gauges)
- Surface roughness measurement instruments
- Tensile testing machines for mechanical properties
- Hardness testers (Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers)
- Grain size analysis metallurgical equipment
- Chemical composition analyzers (spectrometers)
- Flatness measurement systems
- Coating thickness measurement equipment
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4. Environmental Control Systems
Compliance infrastructure essential for regulatory approval and sustainable operations:
- Rolling emulsion treatment and recycling systems
- Wastewater treatment for cleaning and processing solutions
- Air pollution control for furnace emissions (baghouses, scrubbers)
- Fume extraction from melting and heat treatment operations
- Aluminum dust collection systems throughout facility
- Oil-water separation for waste streams
- Solid waste management for aluminum scrap and dross
- Noise abatement measures (enclosures, barriers)
- Aluminum dross recycling or disposal management
- Continuous emissions monitoring systems
- Stormwater management and containment
5. Utilities and Energy Systems
Essential supporting infrastructure for energy-intensive metal processing:
- High-voltage electrical substations (typically 33kV or higher)
- Transformers stepping down to process voltage levels
- Backup power generation for critical control systems
- Compressed air generation with oil-free compressors
- Cooling water systems with recirculation (closed-loop preferred)
- Cooling towers for heat rejection from rolling and furnaces
- Process water treatment and softening equipment
- Natural gas or fuel oil supply for furnaces
- Hydraulic power units for mill equipment
- Steam generation for heating applications
- Fire protection systems including sprinklers and foam systems
- Emergency shutdown systems with redundant controls
6. Civil Works and Buildings
Physical infrastructure requirements for heavy industrial metal processing:
- Heavy-duty mill buildings with overhead crane systems (100+ ton capacity)
- Reinforced concrete floors supporting concentrated loads
- Melting and casting halls with high ceilings for fume extraction
- Heat treatment furnace buildings with insulation
- Cold rolling mill buildings with climate control
- Finishing and packaging areas with clean environment
- Raw material storage buildings protecting from weather
- Finished goods warehouse with moisture control
- Quality control laboratories with testing equipment
- Maintenance workshops with machine tools
- Roll grinding shops with precision grinding equipment
- Administrative offices and engineering departments
- Employee facilities including changing rooms and cafeterias
- Electrical switchgear rooms and control centers
- Compressor houses and utility buildings
7. Material Handling and Logistics
Efficient movement infrastructure for heavy aluminum products:
- Overhead bridge cranes throughout production areas (20-100 ton capacity)
- Coil handling equipment with mandrels and lifters
- Forklift trucks for smaller materials and supplies
- Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) for coil transport
- Coil upenders and tilters for positioning
- Coil cars on rails for heavy coil movement
- Conveyor systems connecting process stages
- Pallet trucks and lift tables
- Coil wrapping and strapping equipment
- Loading equipment for trucks and rail cars
- Weighing systems at shipping points
8. Instrumentation and Control Systems
Manufacturing management and process automation infrastructure:
- Level 1 automation (PLCs) controlling individual equipment
- Level 2 process control systems optimizing production
- Mill automation systems controlling roll gap and tension
- Thickness and flatness control systems
- Temperature monitoring and control throughout processes
- Production tracking and Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES)
- Quality management systems with statistical process control
- Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) for business operations
- Maintenance management systems (CMMS) for equipment
- Energy management systems optimizing consumption
- Safety instrumented systems meeting functional safety standards
- Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS)
- Traceability systems tracking material from ingot to finished product
9. Engineering and Pre-operative Costs
Project development and regulatory compliance expenses before operations commence:
- Comprehensive feasibility study and market assessment
- Technology selection and licensor evaluation
- Detailed engineering and plant layout design
- Environmental impact assessment and permits
- Industrial licenses and manufacturing approvals
- Quality system certifications (ISO 9001, IATF 16949 for automotive)
- Aerospace certifications (AS9100) if serving aviation sector
- Technology licensing from rolling mill equipment suppliers
- Equipment procurement, fabrication, and delivery
- Civil construction and installation works
- Equipment commissioning and performance trials
- Technical staff recruitment and comprehensive training
- Initial raw material procurement and alloy qualification
- Customer qualification and product approval processes
- Marketing and sales infrastructure development
10. Working Capital Requirements
Initial operational funds for smooth production continuity:
- Raw material procurement (aluminum ingots, scrap, alloying elements)
- Energy costs including high electricity consumption
- Consumables including rolling oils, chemicals, and maintenance materials
- Employee salaries including operators, engineers, and support staff
- Spare parts inventory for rolling mills and critical equipment
- Roll replacement and maintenance reserves
- Quality testing and certification costs
- Transportation and logistics expenses
- Marketing and sales expenses
- Administrative overheads
- Insurance premiums for equipment and inventory
- Contingency reserves for equipment breakdowns and market fluctuations
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Key Factors Determining Total Investment
Production Capacity Scale
- Small-Scale Mills: Suitable for niche markets with capacity of 10,000-30,000 tons annually. Serving regional customers and specialized applications, flexibility in product mix, lower capital intensity, operating in less competitive segments.
- Medium-Scale Facilities: Designed for regional market supply with capacity of 50,000-150,000 tons annually. Balanced economics between investment and efficiency, serving automotive suppliers and construction markets, competitive in domestic markets, established customer relationships.
- Large-Scale Integrated Plants: Built for global market competition with capacity exceeding 300,000 tons annually. World-class economies of scale, integrated melting through finishing operations, serving major automotive OEMs and can manufacturers, lowest production costs through scale and efficiency.
Technology Selection and Integration Level
Processing approach fundamentally impacts capital requirements and competitiveness:
- Re-Rolling Operations: Starting from pre-cast slabs or coils from others. Lower capital investment eliminating melting and casting, focusing on rolling and finishing operations, dependency on slab suppliers, suitable for specialized products and gauges.
- Semi-Integrated Mills: Melting, casting, and rolling operations. Moderate capital investment with control over alloy composition, flexibility in product development, independence from slab suppliers, optimal for diverse product portfolios.
- Fully Integrated Complex: Complete operations from raw materials to finished sheets. Highest capital investment with maximum efficiency, aluminum scrap recycling capabilities, energy recovery and heat integration, serving high-volume applications with cost leadership.
- Hot Rolling Only: Producing hot rolled coils for further processing. Lower investment than full cold rolling capability, serving customers with cold rolling capabilities, commodity product competition, suitable for can stock and other hot rolled applications.
- Cold Rolling and Finishing: Purchasing hot rolled coils and processing to final gauge. Focus on high-value cold rolled products, lower capital than integrated operations, dependency on hot coil suppliers, serving demanding applications with tight tolerances.
Product Mix and Market Focus
Target applications determine equipment specifications and capabilities:
- Automotive Body Sheet: Formable alloys for stamping applications (5xxx, 6xxx series). Stringent quality requirements and tight tolerances, automotive qualification processes, long-term supply agreements, moderate margins with high volumes.
- Aerospace Plate and Sheet: High-strength alloys meeting aerospace specifications (2xxx, 7xxx series). Extensive testing and certification requirements, premium pricing for qualified material, specialized heat treatment capabilities, lower volumes with highest margins.
- Can Stock: Specialized alloys for beverage can production (3xxx series). High-volume commodity production, extremely tight thickness tolerances (±2 microns), major can manufacturers as customers, moderate margins requiring operational efficiency.
- Building and Construction Products: Architectural alloys with surface quality (3xxx, 5xxx series). Moderate specifications with emphasis on surface finish, color coating and finishing value addition, diverse customer base, stable demand with construction cycles.
- General Engineering Sheet: Versatile products serving multiple industries. Flexibility in production scheduling, diverse customer base reducing concentration risk, moderate specifications and pricing, opportunity for value-added services.
Alloy Complexity and Quality Requirements
Product sophistication affects processing capabilities and investment:
- Standard Alloys (1xxx, 3xxx series): Common compositions with established processing. Straightforward melting and rolling parameters, wide market applications, competitive commodity markets, operational simplicity and efficiency.
- Heat-Treatable Alloys (6xxx series): Age-hardening systems requiring precise heat treatment. Solution heat treatment and aging facilities required, higher value products with better margins, automotive and structural applications, technical customer support needed.
- High-Strength Alloys (2xxx, 7xxx series): Aerospace and defense applications. Complex heat treatment cycles and quality verification, extensive testing and certification, premium pricing justifying additional investment, serving specialized demanding customers.
- Tight Tolerance Products: Applications requiring precise dimensions and properties. Advanced thickness control and leveling equipment, statistical process control and capability studies, premium pricing for consistency and quality, serving automotive and electronics customers.
Understanding Return on Investment
Revenue Streams
Primary Income Sources:
- Aluminum sheet and coil sales to automotive manufacturers and suppliers
- Building and construction product sales to fabricators and contractors
- Can stock sales to beverage can manufacturers
- Aerospace material sales to aircraft manufacturers and suppliers
- General engineering sheet to diverse industrial customers
- Value-added products including coated, painted, or embossed materials
- Custom slitting and cutting services for specific dimensions
- Aluminum scrap sales from production trim and off-spec material
- Technical consulting and alloy development services
- Toll processing for customers' material
Cost Structure
Major Operating Expenses:
- Raw materials representing 60-75% of operational cost (aluminum ingots/scrap 55-70%, alloying elements 3-5%, other consumables 2-3%)
- Energy costs including electricity for rolling and heat treatment (12-20%)
- Labor costs including operators, maintenance, and engineers (5-10%)
- Maintenance and roll replacement (3-5%)
- Consumables including rolling oils and chemicals (2-3%)
- Quality testing and certifications (1-2%)
- Depreciation on equipment and facilities (5-8%)
- Transportation and logistics (2-4%)
- Administrative overheads (2-4%)
- Insurance and financing costs (1-3%)
Profitability Drivers
Success depends on optimizing several critical operational factors:
- Securing competitive aluminum ingot or scrap pricing through strategic sourcing
- Achieving high rolling mill productivity maximizing throughput
- Minimizing scrap generation through process optimization and quality
- Maintaining tight thickness tolerances reducing customer rejections
- Achieving high first-time quality eliminating rework and off-spec material
- Optimizing energy efficiency through heat recovery and modern equipment
- Maximizing equipment utilization through effective maintenance and scheduling
- Developing long-term supply agreements with major customers
- Achieving alloy and product certifications opening premium markets
- Managing working capital efficiently balancing inventory and cash flow
- Continuously improving yield and reducing conversion costs
- Adding value through finishing, coating, or specialized processing
Government Incentives and Policy Support
Various programs can significantly reduce effective investment requirements:
- Financial Support: Manufacturing sector subsidies, capital investment grants, export incentives for value-added products, low-interest loans for industrial projects, technology modernization schemes.
- Tax Benefits: Accelerated depreciation on plant and machinery, reduced corporate tax for manufacturing, exemptions from customs duties on imported equipment, investment allowances for capital-intensive industries, research and development tax credits.
- Infrastructure Development: Industrial park facilities with shared utilities, special economic zones with streamlined approvals, dedicated freight corridors and rail infrastructure, power supply reliability improvements, skill development programs for metalworking trades.
- Sectoral Support: Automotive industry development programs driving aluminum demand, green building initiatives promoting sustainable materials, aerospace manufacturing incentives, import substitution policies favoring domestic production, recycling and circular economy programs supporting scrap utilization.
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Critical Success Factors
Secure Competitive Raw Material Supply: Aluminum costs dominate production economics. Develop long-term supply agreements with aluminum smelters ensuring volume and pricing stability, evaluate aluminum scrap sourcing reducing costs and environmental impact, maintain relationships with multiple suppliers providing negotiating leverage and supply security, implement inventory strategies balancing cost optimization and production continuity, and monitor global aluminum markets adjusting procurement timing.
Achieve Operational Excellence: Production efficiency directly impacts profitability in capital-intensive operations. Maximize rolling mill uptime through preventive maintenance and rapid problem resolution, optimize roll changing procedures minimizing downtime, implement advanced process control reducing thickness variation and improving quality, train operators extensively on equipment operation and quality standards, and pursue continuous improvement through lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies.
Maintain Superior Quality Standards: Meeting customer specifications protects market position and enables premium pricing. Implement statistical process control monitoring critical parameters in real-time, invest in automated inspection systems detecting defects before shipping, maintain rigorous calibration programs for all measurement equipment, conduct root cause analysis on any quality issues with corrective actions, and build culture of quality throughout organization from operators to management.
Build Strategic Customer Relationships: Long-term partnerships provide volume stability and pricing power. Engage closely with major customers during product development and qualification, provide technical support helping customers optimize aluminum usage, maintain consistent quality and delivery performance building trust and reliability, invest in customer-specific capabilities when volume justifies, and develop collaborative forecasting and planning processes.
Master Metallurgical Capabilities: Alloy development and processing knowledge creates competitive differentiation. Maintain strong metallurgical engineering expertise on staff, invest in research and development for new alloy compositions and processes, protect intellectual property through patents on proprietary alloys, participate in industry technical committees and research collaborations, and continuously improve understanding of processing-property relationships.
Manage Energy Costs: Electricity represents significant operational expense in aluminum rolling. Negotiate favorable power purchase agreements with long-term pricing stability, implement energy management systems identifying optimization opportunities, invest in energy-efficient equipment during capital upgrades, recover waste heat from furnaces and rolling operations, and consider captive power generation or renewable energy where economical.
Risk Management Strategies
Aluminum Price Volatility: Raw material costs fluctuate with LME aluminum prices and regional premiums. Mitigate through implementing hedging strategies using futures and options contracts, developing pricing mechanisms with customers allowing cost pass-through, maintaining flexible sourcing between primary aluminum and scrap, building inventory strategically during low-price periods, and diversifying product mix reducing exposure to commodity segments.
Equipment Reliability Risks: Rolling mill breakdowns cause production losses and customer delivery failures. Address through implementing comprehensive preventive maintenance programs with detailed schedules, maintaining critical spare parts inventory enabling rapid repairs, training maintenance staff extensively on equipment systems, monitoring equipment condition through predictive maintenance technologies, and building relationships with equipment suppliers for rapid technical support.
Quality Failures and Customer Rejections: Off-specification material damages customer relationships and profitability. Prevent through investing in robust quality control systems at all process stages, implementing statistical process control with alarmed out-of-specification conditions, conducting thorough root cause analysis on any quality issues, maintaining rigorous operator training on quality impact of process parameters, and building quality incentives into compensation structures.
Market Competition and Pricing Pressure: Aluminum sheet markets can be intensely competitive with commodity pricing. Manage through achieving lowest quartile cost position through operational efficiency, differentiating through superior quality, service, and technical support, developing specialized products with less competition and better margins, building strong customer relationships creating switching costs, and maintaining flexible production capabilities serving multiple markets.
Customer Concentration Risk: Dependency on few large customers creates vulnerability. Control through diversifying customer base across multiple industries and applications, developing products serving different market segments, maintaining reserve capacity serving spot market opportunities, building capabilities in multiple alloy systems and applications, and actively pursuing new customer development and market expansion.
Environmental Compliance Challenges: Metal processing faces increasing environmental scrutiny and regulations. Address through investing in pollution control equipment exceeding minimum requirements, implementing comprehensive environmental management systems, maintaining detailed documentation and monitoring data, training personnel on environmental procedures and compliance, and pursuing sustainability certifications differentiating in environmentally conscious markets.
Capital Intensity and Financing Risk: Large capital requirements and long payback periods create financial vulnerability. Manage through securing adequate financing before project initiation, phasing capacity expansion matching market demand growth, maintaining conservative debt-to-equity ratios preserving financial flexibility, developing strong banking relationships for credit access, and maintaining financial reserves for economic downturns and market cycles.
Conclusion
The aluminum sheet manufacturing plant setup cost represents substantial capital investment typically ranging from $100 million to $1+ billion depending on capacity, integration level, and technology sophistication, but the essential materials industry offers stable long-term returns for well-positioned operations serving structural growth in automotive lightweighting, sustainable construction, and packaging markets. With accelerating electric vehicle adoption driving aluminum demand for weight reduction and range extension, expanding sustainable building practices emphasizing recyclable materials, growing beverage consumption increasing can production, aerospace sector growth requiring high-performance materials, and aluminum's advantages including strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, formability, and infinite recyclability without property degradation, aluminum sheet manufacturing presents an attractive opportunity for investors with industrial expertise, access to competitive energy and raw materials, and long-term perspective on capital-intensive manufacturing.
The business combines metallurgical science with precision mechanical engineering, requiring substantial capital investment but offering stable demand from essential industries and opportunities for value creation through quality, efficiency, and technical capability. Success requires securing competitive aluminum feedstock through strategic sourcing and scrap utilization, achieving operational excellence in rolling efficiency and quality consistency, mastering metallurgical capabilities in alloy development and processing, building strategic relationships with major automotive, aerospace, and industrial customers, managing energy costs through efficiency and favorable power agreements, and continuously investing in technology upgrades maintaining competitiveness in evolving markets. The industry provides essential materials enabling transportation efficiency, sustainable construction, and circular economy through aluminum's superior recyclability.
About IMARC Group
IMARC Group is a global management consulting firm that helps the world's most ambitious changemakers to create a lasting impact. The company excels in understanding its clients' business priorities and delivering tailored solutions that drive meaningful outcomes. We provide a comprehensive suite of market entry and expansion services. Our offerings include thorough market assessment, feasibility studies, company incorporation assistance, factory setup support, regulatory approvals and licensing navigation, branding, marketing and sales strategies, competitive landscape and benchmarking analyses, pricing and cost research, and procurement research.
Contact Us:
IMARC Group
134 N 4th St. Brooklyn, NY 11249, USA
Email: sales@imarcgroup.com
Tel No: (D) +91 120 433 0800
United States: +1-201-971-6302
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